References
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2. Zhang Q, Lian Z, Wang L, et al. Analysis of alarming signals for the progression of atrophic gastritis to dysplasia. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2012;104 (8): 399-404.
3. Ribeiro MD, Areia M, Vries AC, et al. Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS): guideline from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED) Endoscopy:2012;44(1):74–94.
4. Sánchez-Cuén JA, Irineo-Cabrales AB, Bernal-Magaña G, et al. Regression of gastric intestinal metaplasia after the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in a hospital in Mexico. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2016;108(12):770-775
5. Fox JG, Beck P, Dangler CA, et al. Concurrent enteric helminth infection modulates inflammation and gastric immune responses and reduces helicobacter induced gastric atrophy. Nat Med 2000;6:536–542.
6. Devi S, Ansari SA, Vadivelu J, et al. Helicobacter pylori Antigen HP0986 (TieA) Interacts with Cultured Gastric Epithelial Cells and Induces IL8 Secretion via NF-B Mediated Pathway. Helicobacter 2013:19;26–36
7. Rau TT, Rogler A, Frischauf M, et al. Methylation-Dependent Activation of CDX1 through NF-B A Link from Inflammation to Intestinal Metaplasia in the Human Stomach The American Journal of Pathology, 2012;181:487-498.
8. Maeda S, Akanuma M, Mitsuno Y, et al. Distinct mechanism of Helicobacter pylori-mediated NF–B activation between gastric cancer cells and monocytic cells. J. Biol. Chem. 2001:276:44856–44864.
9. McEniery C, Wilkinson CM. Large artery stiffness and inflammation. J Hum Hypertens 2005;19:507–509.
10. Flamant M, Placier S, Dubroca C, et al. Role of matrix metalloproteinases in early hypertensive vascular remodeling. Hypertension. 2007;50:212–218.
11. Wu J, Saleh MA, Kirabo A, et al. Immune activation caused by vascular oxidation promotes fibrosis and hypertension. J Clin Invest 2016;126:50–67.
12. Loehr LR, Meyer ML, Poon AL. “Prediabetes and diabetes are associated with arterial stiffness in older adults: the ARIC study,” American Journal of Hypertension. 2016; 29(9):1038–1045.
13. Kutluana U, Simsek I, Akarsu M, et al. Is there a possible relation between atrophic gastritis and premature atherosclerosis? Helicobacter. 2005;6:623-629.
14. Torisu T, Takata Y, Ansai T, et al. Possible association of atrophic gastritis and arterial stiffness in healthy middle-aged Japanese. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2009;16(5):691-697.
15. Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, et al. Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney system. International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis. Am J Surg Pathol 1996;20:1161–1181.
16. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredericson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein in plasma without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972;8:499–502
17. Wassertheurer S, Kropf J, Weber T, et al. A new oscillometric method for pulse wave analysis: comparison with a common tonometric method. J Hum Hypertens 2010; 24:498–504.
18. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2013;31(7):1281–1357.
19. Sugano K,Tack J,Kuipers EJ, et al. Kyoto global consensus report on Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Gut 2015;64:1353–1367.
20. Mentis A, Lehours L, Megraud F. Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2015;20(1):1–7
21. Correa P, Piazuelo MB, Camargo MC. Etiopathogenesis of gastric cancer. Scand J Surg 2006;95:218-24.
22. Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Sawada N, et al. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A and gastric cancer in a nested case–control study: Japan Public Health Centerbased prospective study. Carcinogenesis. 2010;31(4):712-8.
23. Rahmani A, Moradkhani A, Hafezi Ahmadi MR, et al. Association between serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein and inflammation activity in chronic gastritis patients. Scand J Gastroenterol 2016;51(5):531-7.
24. Jafarzadeh A, Hassanshahi GH, Nemati M. Serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)in Helicobacter pylori-infected peptic ulcer patients and its association with bacterial CagA virulence factor. Dig Dis Sci. 2009;54(12):2612-6.
25. Schroecksnadel K, Frick B, Winkler C, et al. Crucial role of interferon gamma
and stimulated macrophages in cardiovascular disease. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2006;4:205–213.
26. Korkmaz H, Sozen M, Kebapcilar L. Increased arterial stiffness and its relationship with inflammation, insulin, and insulin resistance in celiac disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015;27:1193–1199
27. Lentz SR. Mechanisms of homocysteine-induced atherothrombosis J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3: 1646–54.
28. Santarelli L, Gabrielli M, Cremonini F, et al. Atrophic gastritis as a cause of hyperhomocysteinaemia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004;19:107–11.
29. Zieman SJ, Melenovsky V, Kass DA. Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and therapy of arterial stiffness. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005;25:932–943.
30. Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K, et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2007;14(2):1–40.
31. Park S, Lakatta EG. Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness. Yonsei Med J 2012; 53:258–261.
32. Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Schwartz JE, et al. Arterial stiffness in chronic inflammatory diseases. Hypertension 2005; 46:194–199.
33. Mendall MA, Goggin PM, Molineaux N, et al. Relation of Helicobacter pylori infection and coronary heart disease. Br Heart J 1994;71:437-439
34. Osawa H, Kawakami M, Fujii M, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection and coronary heart disease in Japanese patients. Cardiology, 2001;95:14-19
35. Patel P, Mendall MA, Carrington D, et al. Association of Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae infections with
coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors. BMJ 1995;311:711-714
36. Torisu T, Takata Y, Ansai T, et al. Possible association of Atrophic Gastritis and Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Middle-Aged Japanese. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2009;16:691-697.
37. Danesh J, Peto R: Risk factors for coronary heart disease and infection with Helicobacter pylori: meta-analysis of 18 studies. BMJ. 1998; 316: 1130-1132
38. Folsom AR, Nieto FJ, Sorlie P, et al. Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and coronary heart disease incidence. Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators. Circulation. 1998;98:845- 850
39. Bjorkegren K, Svaerdsudd K. Serum cobalamin, folate, methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine as vitamin B12 and folate tissue deficiency markers amongst elderly Swedes a population-based study. Journal of Internal Medicine 2001;249: 423-432.
1. Graham DY. History of Helicobacter pylori , duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014:14;20(18):5191-5204
2. Zhang Q, Lian Z, Wang L, et al. Analysis of alarming signals for the progression of atrophic gastritis to dysplasia. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2012;104 (8): 399-404.
3. Ribeiro MD, Areia M, Vries AC, et al. Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS): guideline from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED) Endoscopy:2012;44(1):74–94.
4. Sánchez-Cuén JA, Irineo-Cabrales AB, Bernal-Magaña G, et al. Regression of gastric intestinal metaplasia after the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in a hospital in Mexico. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2016;108(12):770-775
5. Fox JG, Beck P, Dangler CA, et al. Concurrent enteric helminth infection modulates inflammation and gastric immune responses and reduces helicobacter induced gastric atrophy. Nat Med 2000;6:536–542.
6. Devi S, Ansari SA, Vadivelu J, et al. Helicobacter pylori Antigen HP0986 (TieA) Interacts with Cultured Gastric Epithelial Cells and Induces IL8 Secretion via NF-B Mediated Pathway. Helicobacter 2013:19;26–36
7. Rau TT, Rogler A, Frischauf M, et al. Methylation-Dependent Activation of CDX1 through NF-B A Link from Inflammation to Intestinal Metaplasia in the Human Stomach The American Journal of Pathology, 2012;181:487-498.
8. Maeda S, Akanuma M, Mitsuno Y, et al. Distinct mechanism of Helicobacter pylori-mediated NF–B activation between gastric cancer cells and monocytic cells. J. Biol. Chem. 2001:276:44856–44864.
9. McEniery C, Wilkinson CM. Large artery stiffness and inflammation. J Hum Hypertens 2005;19:507–509.
10. Flamant M, Placier S, Dubroca C, et al. Role of matrix metalloproteinases in early hypertensive vascular remodeling. Hypertension. 2007;50:212–218.
11. Wu J, Saleh MA, Kirabo A, et al. Immune activation caused by vascular oxidation promotes fibrosis and hypertension. J Clin Invest 2016;126:50–67.
12. Loehr LR, Meyer ML, Poon AL. “Prediabetes and diabetes are associated with arterial stiffness in older adults: the ARIC study,” American Journal of Hypertension. 2016; 29(9):1038–1045.
13. Kutluana U, Simsek I, Akarsu M, et al. Is there a possible relation between atrophic gastritis and premature atherosclerosis? Helicobacter. 2005;6:623-629.
14. Torisu T, Takata Y, Ansai T, et al. Possible association of atrophic gastritis and arterial stiffness in healthy middle-aged Japanese. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2009;16(5):691-697.
15. Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, et al. Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney system. International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis. Am J Surg Pathol 1996;20:1161–1181.
16. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredericson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein in plasma without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972;8:499–502
17. Wassertheurer S, Kropf J, Weber T, et al. A new oscillometric method for pulse wave analysis: comparison with a common tonometric method. J Hum Hypertens 2010; 24:498–504.
18. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2013;31(7):1281–1357.
19. Sugano K,Tack J,Kuipers EJ, et al. Kyoto global consensus report on Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Gut 2015;64:1353–1367.
20. Mentis A, Lehours L, Megraud F. Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2015;20(1):1–7
21. Correa P, Piazuelo MB, Camargo MC. Etiopathogenesis of gastric cancer. Scand J Surg 2006;95:218-24.
22. Schroecksnadel K, Frick B, Winkler C, et al. Crucial role of interferon gamma
and stimulated macrophages in cardiovascular disease. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2006;4:205–213.
23. Korkmaz H, Sozen M, Kebapcilar L. Increased arterial stiffness and its relationship with inflammation, insulin, and insulin resistance in celiac disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015;27:1193–1199
24. Lentz SR. Mechanisms of homocysteine-induced atherothrombosis J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3: 1646–54.
25. Santarelli L, Gabrielli M, Cremonini F, et al. Atrophic gastritis as a cause of hyperhomocysteinaemia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004;19:107–11.
26. Zieman SJ, Melenovsky V, Kass DA. Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and therapy of arterial stiffness. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005;25:932–943.
27. Kawai T, Ohishi M, Onishi M, et al. Cut-off value of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity to predict cardiovascular disease in hypertensive patients: A cohort study. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2013;20:391-400.
28. Nunan D, Fleming S, Hametner B, et al. Performance of pulse wave velocity measured using a brachial cuff in a community setting Blood Pressure Monitoring 2014;19:315–319
29. Hametner B, Wassertheurer S, Kropf J, et al. Oscillometric estimation of aortic pulse wave velocity: comparison with intra-aortic catheter measurements. Blood Press Monit 2013;18:173–176.
30. Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K, et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2007;14(2):1–40.
31. Santoro L, Matteis GD, Fuorlo M et al. Atherosclerosis and cardiovascular involvement in celiac disease: the role of autoimmunity and inflammation. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21: 5437-5444.
32. Park S, Lakatta EG. Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness. Yonsei Med J 2012; 53:258–261.
33. Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Schwartz JE, et al. Arterial stiffness in chronic inflammatory diseases. Hypertension 2005; 46:194–199.
34 Mendall MA, Goggin PM, Molineaux N, et al. Relation of Helicobacter pylori infection and coronary heart disease. Br Heart J 1994;71:437-439
35. Osawa H, Kawakami M, Fujii M, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection and coronary heart disease in Japanese patients. Cardiology, 2001;95:14-19
36. Patel P, Mendall MA, Carrington D, et al. Association of Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae infections with
coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors. BMJ 1995;311:711-714
37. Torisu T, Takata Y, Ansai T, et al. Possible association of Atrophic Gastritis and Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Middle-Aged Japanese. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2009;16:691-697.
38. Danesh J, Peto R: Risk factors for coronary heart disease and infection with Helicobacter pylori: meta-analysis of 18 studies. BMJ. 1998; 316: 1130-1132
39. Folsom AR, Nieto FJ, Sorlie P, et al. Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and coronary heart disease incidence. Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators. Circulation. 1998;98:845- 850.
40. Bjorkegren K, Svaerdsudd K. Serum cobalamin, folate, methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine as vitamin B12 and folate tissue deficiency markers amongst elderly Swedes a population-based study. Journal of Internal Medicine 2001;249: 423-432.