Año 2022 / Volumen 114 / Número 11
Revisión
Inmunoterapia en el carcinoma hepatocelular

663-670

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8876/2022

Manuel de la Torre, Paloma Sangro, Delia D´Avola, Bruno Sangro,

Resumen
El carcinoma hepatocelular es el más frecuente de los tumores primarios del hígado y cuando alcanza un estadio avanzado, debe abordarse con tratamientos sistémicos. Hasta hace poco, las opciones disponibles se limitaban a los inhibidores de la tirosina-kinasa, cuyo efecto es modesto. El mejor conocimiento del microambiente tumoral y el papel del sistema inmune en el control de la progresión tumoral han permitido desarrollar tratamientos dirigidos contra los puntos de control inmunológico. Esta inmunoterapia logra tasas de respuesta tumoral más altas, que se traducen en una mayor supervivencia y que hoy constituyen la columna vertebral del tratamiento sistémico de esta enfermedad. Aunque se tolera bien en general, la inmunoterapia puede producir toxicidad importante derivada de la estimulación del sistema inmune. Y en el paciente cirrótico, el diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento de esta toxicidad supone un reto especial. Por ello, la investigación continuada en el uso de estas nuevas terapias nos permitirá conocer mejor el perfil de los pacientes que más se benefician de las mismas.
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Recibido: 20/04/2022

Aceptado: 25/04/2022

Prepublicado: 15/06/2022

Publicado: 07/11/2022

Tiempo de prepublicación: 56 días

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