REED - Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas

Año 2025 / Volumen 117 / Número 2
Original

Divergent trends in gastric cancer incidence by sex and age in Spain (1990-2019)

68-75

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2024.10443/2024

Lucía Cayuela, Clara Peiró Villalba, Gema Flox-Benítez, Aurelio Cayuela,

Resumen

Objective: to investigate trends in gastric cancer (GC) incidence in Spain from 1990 to 2019, analyzing variations by sex and age. Method: GC incidence data from the Global Burden of Disease database and population data from the Spanish National Institute of Statistics were used to calculate age-specific and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) with the European population as the reference. Temporal trends by sex and age groups were analyzed using joinpoint regression. Results: while the total number of cases increased slightly, ASIR showed a consistent annual decrease of 1.8 % for both men and women. Both sexes experienced this increase in total cases (women: 4,023 to 4,359; men: 6,243 to 6,591). Men consistently had a higher GC burden compared to women (approximately 2.2:1 ratio). Younger adults (< 35 years) of both sexes showed significant decreases in ASIR. However, the joinpoint analysis revealed a recent increase in young men (25-34 years) during the period 2014-2019. Adults aged 35-64 showed a decrease in ASIR for both sexes, with a slightly steeper decline in men. Adults over 65 had a similar decrease in ASIR for both sexes, but the joinpoint analysis suggests different patterns within this age group. Conclusion: our study revealed a decline in overall age-adjusted GC incidence in Spain. However, the recent rise observed in young men warrants further investigation to understand potential risk factors in this specific population group.

Resumen coloquial

Gastric cancer diagnoses in Spain are slightly rising, but rates are going down overall. This decrease is especially true for women and older adults. However, there is a worrying rise in young men, even though risk factors are decreasing. More research is needed to understand these patterns and create better prevention for high-risk groups in Spain.

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Recibido: 29/03/2024

Aceptado: 17/09/2024

Prepublicado: 26/09/2024

Publicado: 05/02/2025

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