References
1. Arnold M, Sierra MS, Laversanne M, et al. Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Gut 2017;66:683–91.
2. Fearon ER. Molecular genetics of colorectal cancer. Annu Rev Pathol 2011;6:479–507.
3. Guinney J, Dienstmann R, Wang X, et al. The consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer. Nat Med 2015;21:1350–6.
4. Beart RW, Melton 3rd LJ, Maruta M, et al. Trends in right and left-sided colon cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 1983;26:393–8.
5. Bufill JA. Colorectal cancer: evidence for distinct genetic categories based on proximal or distal tumor location. Ann Intern Med 1990;113:779–88.
6. O’Dwyer PJ, Manola J, Valone FH, et al. Fluorouracil modulation in colorectal cancer: Lack of improvement with N-phosphonoacetyl-l-aspartic acid or oral leucovorin or interferon, but enhanced therapeutic index with weekly 24-hour infusion schedule an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group/Cancer an. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:2413–21.
7. Benson AB, Venook AP, Cederquist L, et al. Colon Cancer, Version 1.2017, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2017;15:370–98.
New classification of physical status. Anesthesiol 1963;24:111
9. Copeland GP, Jones D, Walters M. POSSUM: a scoring system for surgical audit. Br J Surg 1991;78:355–60.
10. Whiteley MS, Prytherch DR, Higgins B, et al. An evaluation of the POSSUM surgical scoring system. Br J Surg 1996;83:812–5.
11. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg 2004;240:205–13.
12. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity [Internet]. [cited 2017 Mar 22]. Available from: http://www.who.int/vmnis/indicators/haemoglobin.pdf
13. Washington MK, Berlin J, Branton P, et al. Protocol for the examination of specimens from patients with primary carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009;133:1539–51.
14. American Joint Committee on Cancer., editor. Colon and rectum. In: AJCC cancer staging manual. 7th ed. New York, NY; 2010. p. 145–66.
15. Hamilton SR, Bosman FT, Boffetta P, et al. Carcinoma of the colon and rectum. In: FT B, Carneiro F, Hruban R, ND T, editors. WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer 2010. p. 134–46.
16. Batsakis JG. Nerves and neurotropic carcinomas. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1985;94 Pt 1):426–7.
17. Sato T, Ueno H, Mochizuki H, et al. Objective criteria for the grading of venous invasion in colorectal cancer. Am J Surg Pathol 2010;34:454–62.
18. Meyerhardt JA, Mayer RJ. Systemic therapy for colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;352:476–87.
19. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2016 Dec 16]. Available from: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon.pdf
20. GLOBOCAN Cancer Fact Sheets: colorectal Cancers [Internet]. [cited 2017 Feb 9]. Available from: http://globocan.iarc.fr/old/FactSheets/cancers/colorectal-new.asp
21. Fearon ER, Vogelstein B. A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis. Cell 1990;61:759–67.
22. De Sousa E Melo F, Wang X, Jansen M, et al. Poor-prognosis colon cancer is defined by a molecularly distinct subtype and develops from serrated precursor lesions. Nat Med 2013;19:614–8.
23. Venook AP. Right-sided vs left-sided colorectal cancer. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2017;15:22–4.
24. Iacopetta B. Are there two sides to colorectal cancer? Int J cancer. 2002;101(5):403–8.
25. Hamada H, Meno C, Watanabe D, et al. Establishment of vertebrate left-right asymmetry. Nat Rev Genet 2002;3:103–13.
26. Missiaglia E, Jacobs B, D’Ario G, et al. Distal and proximal colon cancers differ in terms of molecular, pathological, and clinical features. Ann Oncol 2014;25:1995–2001.
27. Nitsche U, Stogbauer F, Spath C, et al. Right Sided Colon Cancer as a Distinct Histopathological Subtype with Reduced Prognosis. Dig Surg 2016;33:157–63.
28. Snaebjornsson P, Jonasson L, Jonsson T, et al. Colon cancer in Iceland -a nationwide comparative study on various pathology parameters with respect to right and left tumor location and patients Colon cancer in Iceland--a age. Int J Cancer 2010;127:2645–53.
29. Senagore AJ, Warmuth AJ, Delaney CP, et al. POSSUM, p-POSSUM, and Cr-POSSUM: implementation issues in a United States health care system for prediction of outcome for colon cancer resection. Dis Colon Rectum 2004;47:1435–41.
30. Odermatt M, Miskovic D, Flashman K, et al. Major postoperative complications following elective resection for colorectal cancer decrease long-term survival but not the time to recurrence. Colorectal Dis 2015;17:141–9.
31. Richards CH, Platt JJ, Anderson JH, et al. The impact of perioperative risk, tumor pathology and surgical complications on disease recurrence following potentially curative resection of colorectal cancer. Ann Surg 2011;254:83–9.
32. Verhulst J, Ferdinande L, Demetter P, et al. Mucinous subtype as prognostic factor in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Pathol 2012;65:381–8.
33. Liebig C, Ayala G, Wilks J, et al. Perineural invasion is an independent predictor of outcome in colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:5131–7.
34. Meguid RA, Slidell MB, Wolfgang CL, et al. Is there a difference in survival between right- versus left-sided colon cancers? Ann Surg Oncol 2008;15:2388–94.
35. Weiss JM, Pfau PR, O’Connor ES, et al. Mortality by stage for right- versus left-sided colon cancer: analysis of surveillance, epidemiology, and end results--Medicare data. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:4401–9.
36. Elsaleh H, Joseph D, Grieu F, et al. Association of tumour site and sex with survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Lancet 2000;355:1745–50.
37. Petrelli F, Tomasello G, Borgonovo K, et al. Prognostic Survival Associated With Left-Sided vs Right-Sided Colon Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Oncol 2017;3:211-219.
38. Amri R, Bordeianou LG, Sylla P, et al. Variations in Metastasis Site by Primary Location in Colon Cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2015;19:1522–7.
39. Rivadulla-Serrano MI, Martínez-Ramos D, Armengol-Carrasco M, et al. Impact of the total number of harvested lymph nodes after colon cancer resections on survival in patients without involved lymph node. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2010;102:296–301.
40. Martínez-Ramos D, Escrig-Sos J, Miralles-Tena JM, et al. [Influence of surgeon specialization upon the results of colon cancer surgery. Usefulness of propensity scores]. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2008;100:387–92.
41. Sepulveda AR, Hamilton SR, Allegra CJ, et al. Molecular Biomarkers for the Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer: Guideline From the American Society for Clinical Pathology, College of American Pathologists, Association for Molecular Pathology, and the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol 2017;35:1453–86.
42. Stadler ZK. Diagnosis and management of DNA mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2015;29:29–41.
43. Ribic CM, Sargent DJ, Moore MJ, et al. Tumor microsatellite-instability status as a predictor of benefit from fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer. N Engl J Med 2003;349:247–57.
44. Popat S, Hubner R, Houlston RS. Systematic review of microsatellite instability and colorectal cancer prognosis. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:609–18.
45. Sargent DJ, Marsoni S, Monges G, et al. Defective mismatch repair as a predictive marker for lack of efficacy of fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy in colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010;28:3219–26.
46. Horowitz M, Neeman E, Sharon E, et al. Exploiting the critical perioperative period to improve long-term cancer outcomes. Nat Rev Oncol 2015;12:213–26.
47. Pollard JW. Defining Metastatic Cell Latency. N Engl J Med 2016;375:280–2.
48. Galon J, Mlecnik B, Bindea G, et al. Towards the introduction of the “Immunoscore” in the classification of malignant tumours. J Pathol 2014;232:199–209.
49. van der Bij GJ, Oosterling SJ, Beelen RH, et al. The perioperative period is an underutilized window of therapeutic opportunity in patients with colorectal cancer. Ann Surg 2009;249:727–34.
50. Cienfuegos JA, Martínez P, Baixauli J, et al. Perineural Invasion is a Major Prognostic and Predictive Factor of Response to Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage I-II Colon Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2017;24:1077–84.